مجلة مركز بابل للدراسات الانسانية

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تعرض القائمة ادناه كل المقالات والبحوث الاكاديمية المنشورة في مجلة مركز بابل للدراسات الانسانية ولكل المجلدات والاعداد . يمكنك تخصيص العرض من خلال اختيار رقم المجلد ورقم العدد لعرض قائمة المنشورات فيه او يمكنك اختيار عرض كل البحوث والمقالات المنشورة من شريط المهام الالكتروني الظاهر اعلاه . يمكنك الاطلاع على بيانات الخاصة بكل بحث كما يمكنك تحميل البحث من بشكل ملف من نوع PDF او عرض النسخة النصية .

Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  39
فلسفة الدين والسياسة عند باروخ سبينوزا
Philosophy of Religion and Politics by Baruch Spinoza     الناشرون : Mustafa Fadel Karim Al-Khafaji مصطفى فاضل كريم الخفاجي     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 303-332    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : m.mostaffa@uobabylon.edu.iq
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : فلسفة,دين,سياسة,سبينوزا   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Philosophy, religion, politics, Spinoza
466
Abstract Espinoza s religious and political philosophy is of particular importance today because it links the acceptance of modern science with the traditional perception of normative philosophy function. By liberating the mind from heresies and the myth of old beliefs through the freedom of thought in religious subjects and the need to separate religion from state policy and renounce all political rule that claims to derive his authority from the source of the divine and this is addressed by Espinosa (political theological research). Spinoza is considered one of the greatest advocates of "not mixing religion and the state" as the guarantor of freedom of thought and belief, which we describe in the second title of a letter in theology and politics in which Spinoza considers that freedom does not pose a threat to the integrity of the state. It is the freedom to interpret the religious text, since no one has the right but the exclusive right to monopolize the act of interpretation. In other words, Spinoza s work is directed mainly at every priestly authority. His defense of freedom of thought and belief in his realization is evident in a new interpretation of the Bible that does not depart from or deviate from ontology, as its features explained in the first part of the book "Al-Atiqah"; Therefore, his defense of democracy was based on the search for a system that provides a great guarantee for freedom, which is explained by his work of defending "secularism" and criticizing the theocratic regime Spinoza s criticism stems, initially, from the fact that the Bible is the word of God that aims to teach people true happiness, but the people s interpretations have moved away from the true essence of religion. Therefore, the historical criticism of the books of the book aims to show this real priesthood and not the similarity of bridging all who are seen as Science or philosophy, and not accepting what is not clear; Any sign of his health, which Spinoza declares at the beginning of the book, where he says: "I resolved seriously and without pretension, to return again, with intellectual freedom, to examine the Bible, and not to prove or accept anything from his teachings that I did not draw from it quite clearly," On the basis of this rule, I have formed a method for the interpretation of the Holy Scriptures, "a method" that does not differ from that adopted in the interpretation of nature, but rather agrees with it completely ", which considers nature as a self-standing substance that depends in its existence only on itself, and is subject only to its internal laws that can Her knowledge of reason, just as everything is inferred from the Bible, is only understood through his inner laws in complete independence from anything that does not belong to the text. .

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  41
متطلبات الحال في الجملة العربية
Case requirements in the Arabic sentence     الناشرون : Muhammad Ismail Abdullah محمد إسماعيل عبد الله,Qassim Rahim Hassan Al-Sultani قاسم رحيم حسن السلطاني     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 273-302    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : mhmqasm88@gmai.com,Dr.qasim1972@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الحال، الجملة العربية، الوصف، النكرة، النصب، البيان، صاحب الحال   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : The case, the Arabic sentence, description, negation, monument, statement, the case owner
465
Abstract The case is an important description in the expression, which represents in the sentence the clear basis for the course of events, and it gives the speech a specificity that is necessary for the words to be straightened and the meaning to be completed. The case is an important element in the vocabulary of the sentence, and the situation can be dispensed with in resources that are not intended to clarify the situation in it. The situation is a clear description that is presented to understand some of the meanings of its owner, which is described in the sentence, and is capable of abandoning its owner because it is an unstable, moving description, which allows at the moment of its existence to understand its owner with a kind of rapid understanding and is recognized and assigned to him some identification and allocation. There are many requirements for this case to ensure that this research is addressed and researched: there are verbal requirements agreed upon by grammarians, and they are many requirements, such as the situation is described and that it is erect, and it is a bounty and a statement, and so on, and among other requirements that the grammarians referred to implicitly, and they are also many requirements, such as The case is a name and its owner is also a name, and it is an adjective in the clarification, and it is only used for stability, in other cases.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  24
تطور الحركة الوطنية في العراق قبل اجازة الاحزاب المعارضة العلنية عام 1946
The evolution of the national movement in Iraq before the departure of the opposition parties in public in 1946     الناشرون : Ehab Hussein Ali Hussein ايهاب حسين علي حسين     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 231-272    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : alehab446@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : احزاب سياسية, صراعات ,حركات وطنية , معارضات حزبية   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : political parties , conflicts , national movements , partisan opposition
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Abstract The establishment of the Iraqi state witnessed an activity of Iraqi intellectual leaders that extended until the emergence of the Second World War, which reflects the diversity of intellectual and ideological trends that were the product of the Arab Renaissance Movement, which affected the nature of those formations that took place later, knowing that this period appeared in two important roles the first: Since the promulgation of the Societies Act of 1922 and ending with the establishment of Parliament, during which public parties were established. As for the second: it was after the establishment of Parliament until the establishment of the Second World War, which directly affected the overall political process at that time, and also after that new parties emerged that were formed following the political process according to variables imposed by policy. Post World War II. This stage was affected by the emergence of political ideologies that passed and at the same time affected the formation of Iraqi ministries and it marks the beginning of a stage of political party activity that may be against the political process represented by the government while the Iraqis realized that it was related to the British presence in Iraq, so some considered it the reason for the delay in issuing the law of parties is The nature of the formation of political parties in Iraq, as they are mostly religious, sectarian, or ethnic parties, so their presence in this formation is contrary to law and democratic life and its values, in addition to the fact that some political parties receive external financing, which violates their independence and makes them easy to lead to regional parties or fall under The impact of its interests in Iraq, just as the outbreak of the First World War The British occupation of Iraq was a reason that Iraq witnessed the emergence of movements, gatherings and political parties founded and led by educated elites and well-known social figures at the time, and everyone s goal was to seek to end the British occupation and mandate and declare independence and build a modern state. These parties and movements achieved their demands during a period of ten years when Britain agreed to enter into political negotiations that ended with the signing of the 1930 treaty that opened the way for Iraq to obtain its independence and seat in the League of Nations in 1932.

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تصميم وحدة تعليمية باستعمال (نمط روثكوف)، وقياس أثرها في التحصيل الإملائي للمرحلة الابتدائية
Design of an educational unit using the Rothkoff style, and measuring its effect on the primary spelling achievement     الناشرون : Makki Farhan Kareem AL- Ibrahimi مكي فرحان كريم الإبراهيمي     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 213-230    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : MAKKi.KAreem@qu.edu.iq
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : تصميم وحدة تعليمية، (نمط روثكوف)، التحصيل الإملائي، المرحلة الابتدائية   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Design of an educational unit ,the Rothkoff style, the primary, spelling achievement
463
Abstract : This research aims to define the design of an educational unit using the (Rothkov pattern), and to measure its effect on the spelling of the primary stage, and to achieve the research goal, the researcher adopted an experimental design located in the field of experimental designs with partial control and a post-test, for two groups, an experimental group and a control group. The researcher intentionally chose the mixed new generation school to apply his experience in the center of Diwaniyah Governorate. The research sample reached (68) male and female students, with (34) male and female students distributed between the two groups (the control group and the experimental group), and the researcher performed a statistical equivalence between The two research groups had some procedural variables, and the researcher formulated (30) behavioral goals for the subjects studied during the experiment period. Prepare daily teaching plans to teach the two research groups (the control group and the experimental group). As for the research tool, it was a spelling piece that the researcher considered as a test in the spelling, and the researcher applied the research tool to the two research groups (control group and experimental group) after the end of the experiment period. By using a set of statistical means, the results of the research showed that there are statistically significant differences according to the group variable in favor of the experimental group, and statistically significant differences according to the gender variable for the interest of the experimental group students, and no statistically significant interaction between group and gender variables.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  30
الأنساق الثقافية في رواية الكافرة " للروائي علي بدر
Cultural patterns in the story of" infidelity"the novelist ali badr     الناشرون : Hawraa aziz oliewi Alqiam حوراء عزيز عليوي الكيم     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 189-212    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : hawraaalkaim@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : نبذة عن حياة الروائي علي بدر، النسق في اللغة والاصطلاح، الأنساق الثقافية في عتبة العنوان والغلاف، اختراق الدين بدلالات محرفة، نسق السلطة، النسق الاجتماعي، هيمنة السلطة الذكورية، النسق التاريخي    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : about the life of novelist ali badr,format in language and terminology, cultural in title and envelope threshold, break through religion in distorted connotations, power layout, social pattern, the dominance of male power, historical format
462
Abstract Cultural criticism has left its mark on the literary and critical scence, when it was sparked by critic Abdullah al-ghazhami in his book" Cultural criticism reading in the implicit cultural systems " reactions and uproar filled the arab monetary arena with many debates, being called for cultural criticism, this indicates a cultural leap whose cries resounded and continued to be authored and researched in this field anumber of books were published that enriched literature and criticism, we in turn, are interested in research in this cultural literary field our choice fell on the infidel novel by ali badr, it is one of the novels that focused on monitoring part of the Iraqi reality that was not heard after 2003, our study focuses on monitoring the implicit formats and reveals a lot about the reality struck by terrorism the body of many innocent people gnawed to crack the built wall and reveal the fragility of miserale reality . And the novel of unbelievers is a bold narration in the presentation of many intellectual formats deposited under multiple masks, the political reality is flawed by dislocation and turmoil as a result of sectarian domination which weakened the religious and social fabric, which prepared for the emergence of group claiming religion it calls for the return of the Islamic caliphate, and it took control of various parts of the Iraqi lands, power and power were used those spote, and they corrupted the original values to solve : corruption, defeat, disintegration and weak social structure, the ideas and values held by these armed groups dominated to spread an alternative culture of terror, fear and murder . Practices outside the farmeworks of society formulated by armed groups are continuing to ensure community transformation and adaptation, hence, the power and authority pattern dominated, the narrative text aims to expose society and highlight the faults and faults inherent in it I also highlight the authority of men over women and the depiction of women is a negative being refacted to suffer from alienation and do social profiling, just as it showed the vast difference between the two cultures arab that tends towads imposing restrictions and curbing freedom and western culture that gave freedom to its members, this is what the Fatima/ sophie personality showed, Fatima, who carries within it the past with all his pain and physical and psychological refraction, and sophie is living the present after I took off the veil of the past .

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  31
شرفة المؤذن في مآذن العراق حتى نهاية العصر الألخاني
The Muezzin s balcony in the minarets of Iraq until the end of The Age of Al-Khani     الناشرون : Dhia Nema Mohammad ضياء نعمه محمد     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 147-188    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : deyahnemaa@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : المآذن , الشرفة , الحوض , اشكال المقطع , العناصر التزينية    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : minarets, balcony, basin, section shapes, decorative elements.
461
Abstract: Minarets are among the most important architectural elements that define the architectural identity of Islamic buildings, and Iraq is among the Islamic countries that have had a large share in preserving many Islamic buildings, and the prominent element among its elements was the minaret. The viewer on the horizon of Iraqi cities notes at first sight the forms of their minarets that It decorates that horizon with multiple forms and different heights, and it reflects the summary of architectural engineering thought, which was characterized by the compatibility between the architectural design and the functional purpose, which is represented by the highest call of prayer, and with the passage of time it has other forms and functions, and as the number increased in the one mosque, and its position varied between the pillars of the mosque, or To the sides of the prayer house, or above the entrance or next to it, and its presence was not limited to mosques, but appeared in some Islamic buildings, such as schools, Perhaps the most prominent element in the minaret that achieves the compatibility between the architectural design and the functional purpose is its balcony or basin, which gives an impression of the engineering capabilities and technical skill in its composition despite the simplicity of the components that make up this element of muqarnas and the fence of the basin and the revolving corridor . We have known this element with different designations in Islamic countries, and we have stood on it, and we have found that it differs rhetorically and agrees with content, and as we have tried to return the first beginnings of this element in Islamic architecture, we have shown the role of the Islamic faith in finding it and defining its career path so that no harm occurs in the place it supervises and we discussed what This architectural element, like other elements of Islamic architecture, was subjected to many theories in which orientalists attributed it to the Christian churches towers, and some of them returned it to the pagan temples, Roman guard posts and observation, or to the lighthouse of Alexandria or to the Babylonian zigzags or guard towers in the Arabian Peninsula. Whatever the origin that was attributed to him, the interest that Islam gave to its function and form, increased the civilization of the building, a spiritual element characterized by elegance and originality and made it a new architectural phenomenon that singled out the Islamic city with no one else, then we studied the presence of this element in the common patterns in Iraq in terms of composition, shape and decoration And we provided an estimate of its shape in the minarets in which this element was subjected to the fall, based on evidence of comparison with the available examples and the remains of the parts that indicate its shape.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  29
الاستدلال بالأدلة النقلية عند الفاضل الهندي (ت 1137هـ)
Inferring evidence of transfer to the Al- fadil Al-Hindi d. 1137 AH     الناشرون : Mohammed Nuri Al-Musawi محمد نوري الموسوي,Dhuha Raheem Afee ضحى رحيم عفي     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 107-146    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : noorimhm@yahoo.com ,dhuha9954@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الفاضل الهندي، القرآن الكريم، القراءات القرآنية، الحديث الشريف، كلام العرب   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Al-fadil AL-hindii . The Holy Quran . Quranic readings Prophetic tradition . Arab words
460
Abstract Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and may blessings and peace be upon his best creation, master of the messengers, the illiterate prophet Muhammad al-Amin and his family. The pure and kind, after ... We sought in the tagged research (Inference of transfer evidence according to Al-Fadil Al-Hindi) to uncover evidence of the grammatical industry evidence, the most famous and the most important of which are grammarians in relying on it to collect language and establish rules and rulings, which is hearing and its tributaries: the Holy Qur’an and its readings, the noble hadith and the words of the Arabs system and scattered, In the thought of one of the scholars of the late Safavid state in Iran, the best of his era and the miracle of his age, Bahaa Al-Din Muhammad bin Al-Hassan Al-Fadil Al-Isfahani, famous for the Indian virtue (d. 1137 AH). As this research was devoted to show how it benefited from this guide, and its dependence on it in its four compilations: (Explaining the Factors in Grammar), (Explaining the Syntactic Secrets), (The Tahlil Letter), and (Pearl Genius in Explaining the Aleinia Alhamiria), we started the research with an introduction We showed some of the conditions of the virtuous Indian, then we clarified what is meant by hearing. We presented some of its definitions to some ancient and modern scholars, and after that we introduced each of its tributaries explaining the position of the virtuous Indian from these tributaries with examples. The Holy Qur’an and its readings, and the noble hadith, and we have touched in this regard to the dispute of scholars in invoking it, and the words of the Arabs are systematic and strewn, and in this location we also touched on the difference of scholars in determining the classical language, and the research concluded a set of results summarized at the end of the research. The compromise but God I trust him and I turn to him.

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الفساد الإداري والمالي في العصر العباسي الأول(132 – 232هـ) ( الخراج أنموذجًا )
Administrative and financial corruption in the first Abbasid period (132 – 232AH) (Kharaj model)     الناشرون : AbdalZahra Jassim Al-Khafaji عبد الزهرة جاسم الخفاجي     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 67-106    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : abedulzahrah@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الفساد، الاداري، المالي، العصر العباسي، الخراج   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Administrative --- financial --- corruption --- Abbasid period --- Kharaj
459
Abstract The human community suffers from the seriousness of the widespread phenomenon of corruption, and for this reason he intends to take a number of procedures and follow different methods to confront this phenomenon and limit its spread, even though the phenomenon of corruption is an ancient phenomenon, and its feet are due to the feet of human societies. The existence of corruption has been linked to the existence of the political systems that ruled those Societies, and the researchers point out in the phenomenon of corruption that there are several classifications of the phenomenon, and just as corruption has levels, types, and divisions, corruption has manifestations and aspects, and therefore corruption takes many different forms, perhaps the most prominent of which is administrative and financial corruption. And the abscess from taxes approved by Islam, to regulate the relationship of man with the land and the continuation of its reconstruction on the one hand and on the other hand to increase the financial resources of the state, like other taxes such as tribute and tithe to increase the state s financial resources to spend on armies and meet other needs, and not imposing the abscess to overburden the farmers but rather I want to restore it Distributing wealth so that money is not concentrated in one hand, but not another. And because of the importance of the abscess as the main source of the resources of the House of Money in the Abbasid state, on the one hand and on the other hand it represents an institution of administrative and financial nature, the occurrence of financial and administrative corruption in it exists, and the Abbasids announced at the beginning of the establishment of their state but came to fix what the Umayyads corrupted, so the importance The research stems from the fact that financial and administrative corruption is a topical issue, and therefore it is expected that this study will cleanse some visions of those interested in studying the phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption and its implications. This research was a study of the phenomenon of administrative and financial corruption in the abscess of the Abbasid state in its first era (132 - 232 AH), and on its sides: its fulfillment and its banks. The nature of the study necessitated following the descriptive historical approach, through which information was collected from sources and references that dealt with the subject of the research for the mentioned period and highlighting the main actor as it affected corruption of the abscess.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  30
الصفة الفاعلية في قصة رستم وسهراب
Application of the present participle in the collection of Rustom and Sohrab     الناشرون : Anwar Abbas Majid أنور عباس مجيد     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 41-66    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : wadi_alsalam76@colang.uobaghdad.edu.iq,wadi_alsalam76@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الفردوسي، الشاهنامه، قصة رستم وسهراب، قواعد اللغة الفارسية، الصفة الفاعلية   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Ferdowsi, Shahnameh, Story of Rostam and Sohrab, Persian grammar, present participle
458
Abstract The importance of research and study of classical Persian literature It is not hidden. So far, many studies have been done on this subject. Still, there are still some things that need to be looked at further. Persian grammar is one of the important branches of Persian language. This branch has always undergone transformation in different times. One of the issues that has been neglected in classical literature studies is the study of the grammatical topics of the poetic texts and the past editions. These texts can be studied from different perspectives. present participle are made using different strategies. Different types of present participle refer to the concept of work done, or the owner and receiver of implication. The most commonly definition of the present participle attribute is that: "If an attribute performs a work, it is called the present participle." The present participle are made in a variety of ways. But in the meantime, ben present verb has always been an integral part of the building of many of the present participle. Although studies in ancient texts show that, the derivation of the present participle of manifestation is also customary. Now some types of adjectives are also made using ben Madhi. In this article, we are going to look at the story of "Rostom and Sohrab" and examine its present participle And its multiple types and most of the suffixes that were mentioned in this poetic group, which is one of the masterpieces of the great Iranian poet Abu al-Qasim al-Firdousi and his historical epic which he called Shahnameh and its meaning (the conduct of the kings), which is an important historical source that benefited from and was used by most Iranian historians and western Orientalists in order to get acquainted with the history of Ancient Persia and what legends tell of them in a wonderful epic poetic style.

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الانتحار دراسة اجتماعية ميدانية في محافظة ذي قار
Suicide is a field social study In Dhi Qar Governorate     الناشرون : Uday bachay shabeeb عدي بجاي شبيب     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 21-40    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : audayshabeeb@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الانتحار ، الظواهر الاجتماعية ، المجتمع العراقي   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Suicide, Social Phenomena ,Iraqi Society
457
Abstract Suicide is one of the most striking social phenomena of the last decade in Iraqi society. It is one of the most uncertain social problems, especially in our Iraqi society, where customs and traditions impose a security cordon on the suicide, his family and the causes and motives of the suicide. (2011- 2014) the temporal area of field analysis (75) Suicide in Dhi Qar province analysed for 50 male and 25 female, and the researcher has relied on the case-study curriculum as the most appropriate for such research. The research raised several questions, including what were the reasons for the individual s suicide, whether there were social, economic and political reasons for the individual s suicide, as a protest against deteriorating socio-economic and social conditions, and whether the rights of the individual were not recognized, civil rights such as living in dignity and respect for his or her civil and human rights, To what extent can we devise solutions to reduce the prevalence of suicide, the researcher has found a series of findings, including: Unlike women, the number of suicides is higher in the summer, while the youth group is the highest among suicides. The research recommends that community institutions be called upon to take responsibility for the phenomenon of suicide, which has begun to spread alarmingly among Iraqi society in the development and implementation of awareness-raising, education and counselling programmes. Research centres should also be invited to carry out further studies on the phenomenon of suicide.

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قلق البطالة لدى طلبة الجامعة
Unemployment Concern Among University Students     الناشرون : Jamal Obayes Shambara Al Jubouri جمال عبيس شمباره الجبوري , Madeen Nouri Talak مدين نوري طلاك     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 1-20    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : Jamalalqasim2015@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : قلق البطالة – طلبة الجامعة    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Unemployment Concern - University Students
456
Abstract : For more than a quarter of a century, unemployment has become a structural problem at the global level. Despite recovery and economic growth, it has been increasing year after year. In developing countries, unemployment worsens overall as development efforts continue to fail, foreign debt is increased and rigid fiscal discipline programs are implemented. What is more dangerous is that there is a severe poverty in the current economic thinking to understand the problem of unemployment and ways to get out of it, which has encouraged the emergence of concern about unemployment. The current research aims to identify: 1. Unemployment concern among university students. 2. Statistical differences in the unemployment anxiety of university students according to the sex variables (male - female) specialization (scientific - human) grade (second - fourth). The research was determined by students of the University of Babylon and for grades (second-fourth) for the academic year (2017 - 2018). To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher relied on the following: Building a measure of unemployment concern among university students. After reviewing the literature and previous studies related to the subject and adopting it from the point of view of the humanists, the standard was finalized after completing the conditions of honesty, consistency and ability to distinguish from (32) paragraphs divided into (4) Feilds The economic dimension, the professional dimension, the psychological dimension. In order to achieve these objectives, the researcher applied the criteria to a sample of (532) students at the University of Babylon for the academic year (2017-2018). The data were then analyzed using the statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel. 1. University students suffer from unemployment concerns. 2 - There are no statistically significant differences in the degree of unemployment concern among university students according to gender variables (male - female), specialization (scientific - human) and grade (second - fourth). Based on these results, the research produced a number of recommendations and proposals.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  318
لمحة عن الاتصالات بين الصين والبلدان العربية في عهد أسرة مينغ الملكية
Overview of the Contacts between China and the Arab World during the Ming Dynasty     الناشرون : يانغلو لي Yanglu Li     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 391-406    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : lylken@hotmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : تاريخ التبادلات، العلاقات بين الصين والعالم العربي، الإسلام، أسرة مينغ الملكية   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Communication History, The Relations between China and Arab World, Islam, Ming Dynasty
455
The China-Arab relationship can date back to ancient times. This humble paper aims to study this relationship since the Tang Dynasty in the seventh century in general and its development in the Ming Dynasty in the fourteenth century in particular. It focuses on the following goals: First, discovering the most important information about the influence of the two ancient civilizations with each other before the Ming Dynasty; Second, analyzing the achievements made during the Ming Dynasty and the characteristics of the Sino-Arab relationship in this era; Third, comparing the Sino-Arab relationship during the Ming Dynasty with that in previous eras and analyzing the similarities and differences among them. The paper relies on the descriptive-analytical method to present the most important issues in the ancient Chinese-Arab relationship such as the spreading of Islam and the Arabic in China and the attitudes of the central government towards them, then it also explains those issues by analyzing the texts, explains the reasons for their emergence and development and analyzes the similarities and differences among them. Thus it is appropriate to borrow the comparative approach as well.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  272
الاجراءات السياسية والدستورية للرئيس زين العابدين بن علي 1987-1991
Political and constitutional measures of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali 1987-1991     الناشرون : ماجد محيي عبد العباس Majid Mohie Abd Al- Abbas,مروة رسول رحيم Marwa Rasul Rahim      المجلد: 10 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 375-390    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : mrwalmusawi@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : زين العابدين بن علي، الدستور، الديمقراطية، مجلس النواب، الميثاق الوطني   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, Constitution, Democracy, House of Representatives, National Charter
454
President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali took power in Tunisia in 1987 to achieve many reforms and constitutional and ministerial amendments. A constitutional monitoring body was created to implement the laws and implement them a few weeks after the events of the seventh of November. And made important amendments to the articles of the Constitution, especially in the three executive, legislative and judicial authorities, and carried out revisions to the press in order to promote freedom of opinion and expression, as well as the above-mentioned signed a national charter in which all political parties were gathered; It is holding a national honor of moral and cultural works to create the conditions to achieve the desired objectives of constitutional change.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  293
المكان الخيالي الرمزي في شعر النساء
The symbolic fictional place in women s poetry     الناشرون : رفاه علي نعمة العزاوي Rafah Ali Neama Al-Azzawi ,سميرة رحيم حسن Sameerah Raheem Hasan     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 347-374    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : RafahAl-Azzawy@gmail.com,Sameerah88@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : المكان، الخيال، الرمز، شعر النساء   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Place, imagination, symbol, women s poetry
453
The research is concerned with the treatment of models of women s poetry in Jahiliyyah, Islam and even the Umayyad period, which is characterized by symbolism and inspiration. As the symbol is an artistic expression that poets address, it is at the same time a psychological and social phenomenon that some poets seek to use to convey what they want, In the language through the installation of vocabulary and make it provides the recipient a meaning other than the apparent meaning, which distancing the poet from the expression of the direct expression of the spirit of self, as the poet draws a picture of reality and mixes with what is deep and placed in the non-scope to express the pillars of the human soul, Connects feeling And Al-Lashawar. The research dealt with the symbolized place in women s poetry, and began to monitor the symbolic place in their hair, such as Al-Khansa, Salma Bint Al-Mahalhal, Jalila Bint Mourah, and many other women. Al-Assad was a symbol of strength and courage, It also symbolized the manifestations of nature to many things, the mountain symbolized the strength and greatness, and symbolized the water for life and development, and included the research topics entitled (place of tears) and (natural phenomena) and what symbolizes such as mountains and water.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  306
تكرير العامل في النحو العربي
Refining the Factor in Arabic grammar     الناشرون : محمد إسماعيل عبد الله Muhammad Ismail Abdullah ,قاسم رحيم حسن Qassim Rahim Hassan Al-Sultani      المجلد: 10 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 323-346    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : mhmqasm88@gmai.com,dr.qasim1972@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : التكرير، التكرار، العامل في النحو العربي، البدل، المصدر المغاير للفعل، إعادة حرف الجر مع العطف، إعادة الفعل في الجملة   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Refining, repetition, the factor in Arabic grammar, the wildcard, the opposite source of the verb, repeating the preposition with kindness, repeating the verb in the sentence.
452
Praise be to God, Lord of the Most High, and prayers and peace be upon the beloved Mustafa Muhammad and his pure family, and after. For speaking according to what is written and put in place, in addition to that, other things, some of which are important, on which the speech is held and the meaning are carried out, some of which are added complementaries in which the meaning is understood in general, and some of what is conceived, some of which are not what can be found and if they are tolerated. One of these matters whose existence is important and speech appreciation is dependent on the refining of the factor, which means in its simplest form: to remind the worker in the sentence with his word or with a similarity of pronunciation, with nothing arranged on his second mention. We have seen that we search with the certificates that apply to this matter by collecting them all and making them in one place in order to get to know them uniformly and learn about their conditions and their hidden and important language secrets in the study and achievement, and we understand how scientists guide them and their sayings in them. The research was formed in an introduction in which she introduced the subject, and a preliminary study in which she searched: refining and its types, and small topics related to refining are: the alternative to the intention of refining the worker, the opposite source of the verb, the return of the preposition with kindness, the re-verb in the sentence, and a conclusion in which the results of the research were mentioned.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  288
العلاقات الإيرانية – التركية في عهد رضا شاه 1925-1941 في ضوء وثائق وزارة الخارجية العراقية
Iranian-Turkish relations during the reign of Reza Shah 1925-1941 In light of the documents of the Iraqi Ministry of Foreign Affairs     الناشرون : الهام حمزة منسي Elham Hamza Mansi ,ستار حامد عبد الله Sattar Hamed Abdullah      المجلد: 10 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 299-322    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : ahmztmnsy@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : إيران، تركيا، علاقات دولية، وثائق، رضا شاه، الخارجية العراقية   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Iran, Turkey, International Relations, Documents, Reza Shah, Iraqi Foreign Ministry.
451
Abstract: After the end of the First World War and the emergence of new international powers on the scene, all of this clearly affected the nature of the prevailing international relations at the time, in: Iran’s relationship with Turkey, which was characterized in the period before the war by a kind of oscillation between conflict and conflict for a long period of time, and between its stopping For a short period until it returned and erupted again, so this policy clearly raised the Middle East region, especially Iraq, so the end of the First World War opened good for these two countries because of the change in the political systems that ruled and how, as good relations between them represented in good neighborhood And hold alliances Between them.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  300
قصيدة (وُجُوديَّة ) للشّاعر نِزار قَبّاني ( دراسة أسلوبيّة )
( Wijudiya) A poem by Nizar Qabbni A stylistic study     الناشرون : مازن داود سالم الربيعي Mazin Dawood Salim Al-Rubei , راسم أحمد عبيس الجرياوي Rasim Ahmed Ubays Al-Jureyaw      المجلد: 10 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 273 - 298     البريد الالكتروني للباحث : mazndawd16@gmail.com ,rasemahmed84@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : وجودية,نزار قباني ,قصيدة,أدب,أسلوبية   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : existentialism ,nazar Qabbni, poem ,literature ,stylistics
450
Research Summary: The study deals with a poem by Nizar Qabbani entitled (Wijudiya) Which highly attracted both literary writers and critics for its controversial viewpoints that it arouses as well as its historical importance as it goes beyond the norm and the traditional .It is open to modernity and refrained from the past bounds . For its form ,it goes beyond the traditional rhyming .The study relied on the stylistic viewpoint which reflects its own time features and represents the modern spirit and its new identity. All these features are subject of the study which is stylistically oriented to describe the poem. The study has three levels :Phonetic, Structural and Semantic .The most important results of the study is that it is concluded that the poem shaped an intended relation with his personal feelings and the musical tone of the poem . In addition, ( Janeen ), the name of the woman in the poem, with her Parisian life represented the stylistic view with its sematic implications . All in all, the poem is an attempt which represents a new cultural project which goes beyond circumstances , place and time.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  281
أسلوبية الدلالة في شعر رعد زامل
Stylistic stylism in Zamil Raad     الناشرون : فرحان بدري الحربي Farhan Badri Al-Harbi,زهراء ابراهيم سلمان Zahra Ibrahim Salman      المجلد: 10 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 257 - 272     البريد الالكتروني للباحث : 70frhr@gmail.com,Zhra51362@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الدلالة ,اسلوبية ,شعر , رعد زامل   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : significance, stylistic, hair, thunder
449
Research Summary: The poetic approach is a reflection of the artistic and aesthetic nature of the experience of life. It is based on levels defined by the conscious awareness of the specific function performed by the language, to produce significance, and to meet in lines The experience of life is the same as the experience of writing. In our study of stylistic stylism, we adopted the experience of Ra ad Zamil in two subjects. The first came to study the figures and the media, while the second was specialized in the study of the natures of nature, with a conclusion in which we mentioned the most important results that we reached Her guardian

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  297
انتشار حضارة حلف في شمال بلاد الرافدين( شمال سوريا وجنوب شرق تركيا) في ضوء المكتشفات الأثرية (الأواني الفخارية)
The spread of the Halaf civilization in northern Mesopotamia (northern Syria and southeastern Turkey) in light of archaeological finds (pottery)     الناشرون : كاظم جبر سلمان Kazem Jabr Salman     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 235 - 256     البريد الالكتروني للباحث : gudea100@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : بلاد الرافدين ، حلف ، الفخار ، عصور قبل التاريخ ، العمق   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Mesopotamia, oath, pottery, prehistoric times, depth
448
Abstract The preliminary results of field work in the Allied sites in Syria and the countries of Anatolia indicate the discovery of well-preserved archaeological remains dating back to this stage, which in turn shed light on the chronology and the cultural features that the Allied sites in that region are connected to, as well as the differences that discuss civilization development The local during this stage, and the material remains that were extracted from these sites are reminiscent of the assemblies of manufactured materials that have been documented from the known Halaf sites in northern Iraq, as well as the presence of types of manufactured materials that have the characteristics of the Halaf, such as the pottery of the stained oak and the adornment that shows In the lips and a large number of stone seals, not to mention what those produced by the excavation of the remains are well preserved Marih it shows a community the size of the village.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  307
التغير الدلالي للمشترك اللفّظي بين العربية والفارسية (نماذج مختارة )
Semantic change of verbal subscriber Between Arabic and Persian     الناشرون : اياد محمد حسين Ayad Mohammed Hussain,علي محيسن عبود Ali Moheisen Abood      المجلد: 10 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 221 - 234     البريد الالكتروني للباحث : a.abood@uos.edu.ig,Ayadhussain69@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : التغير الدلالي ، المشترك اللفظي ، علم اللغة ، بين العربية والفارسية    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Semantic change, verbal joint, linguistics, between Arabic and Persian
447
Abstract The semantic change falls within the family of linguistics, which was studied by linguists in all languages, including the Arabic language and a long time ago, and recent studies by researchers in this field have been widely concerned, because of Arabic language linguistic interference with the Persian language due to juxtaposition or occupation and the resulting From political, economic, social, and other factors, which led to the influence of the Arabic terminology and words used in the Persian language, so the factors of semantic change came to them. So our research included an introduction and three topics and a conclusion, the first of which was devoted to linguistics and significance, and the second topic came in explaining the relationship between the signifier and the signified, while the third topic dealt with the selected samples and models that were studied, and concluded the research with the most important results that we reached with Conclusion and a list of margins, sources and references that we benefited from in writing the research.

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