مجلة مركز بابل للدراسات الانسانية

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تعرض القائمة ادناه كل المقالات والبحوث الاكاديمية المنشورة في مجلة مركز بابل للدراسات الانسانية ولكل المجلدات والاعداد . يمكنك تخصيص العرض من خلال اختيار رقم المجلد ورقم العدد لعرض قائمة المنشورات فيه او يمكنك اختيار عرض كل البحوث والمقالات المنشورة من شريط المهام الالكتروني الظاهر اعلاه . يمكنك الاطلاع على بيانات الخاصة بكل بحث كما يمكنك تحميل البحث من بشكل ملف من نوع PDF او عرض النسخة النصية .

Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  165
المنهج النقدي عند ابن رشد للرد على الفلاسفة في مسالة قدم العالم
Ibn Rushd s Critical Approach to Responding to Philosophers in the Question of the World     الناشرون : مصطفى فاضل كريم الخفاجي Mostafa Fadel Karim Al-Khafaji     المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 327-344    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : m.mostaffa@uobabylon.edu.iq
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : منهج ، نقد ، العالم    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Approach, criticism,world
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Research Summary "Ibn Rushd tried to respond to the philosophers, especially by saying that the world is old and ancient, as philosophers are not the first to have a" old ezili ", especially adherents Aristotle and those who followed him from the dhimr, who made weak arguments in proving the eternal world of the evidence that was drowned and recited by the speakers such as al-Ghazali, Ibn Taymiyyah, al-Juwaini and al-Kundi who said that the world and its non-ecclesiasticality are taking place.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  129
العلوم الاجتماعية في بلاد الشام
Social Sciences in Bilad Al-Sham     الناشرون : فراس سليم حياوي Firas Saleem Hayyawi     المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 309-326    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : feras_net67@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : دراسات انسانية, علم اجتماع ,حضارة , بلاد الشام    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Humanities, Sociology, Civilization, Levant
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Introduction The social sciences are an important branch of the general sciences. Walt is directly related to man through its various branches. History is the most important and most prominent of these sciences. It is the oldest one, which is associated with ancient civilizations and the history of nations and peoples. The history of writing on this subject was of importance on the one hand, but it is the starting point for the study of other sciences related to the history of the Sham s procuratorates. The biography and translations of the historians of this era constituted an important focus of the research. Cultural and social, the other axis is the study of local history and the most prominent books in this aspect to document the life of the Levant region, as well as the emergence of a significant number of genealogists in this era, who had a clear role in the output of a large number of important books, From sources and references that enriched the subject matter scientific.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  129
التواصل الرقمي في ظل الإعلام البديل
Digital Communication Under Alternative Media     الناشرون : ثناء اسماعيل العاني Thanaa Ismail Al - Ani     المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 291-308    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : fine.drthanairasheed@uobabylon.edu.iq
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : التواصل الرقمي ، اشكاليات، الاعلام البديل   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Digital Access, Problematic, Alternative Media
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Abstract The Internet environment in the new media can be extended to include the communication, media, administrative, legal, economic, social, psychological and cultural contexts, and all that is a factor that affects and is influenced by communication and media activities that are marketed through the internet. Research is one of the descriptive analytical research that analyzed the problem of digital communication in the light of digital media. The research found that the laws regulating the work in the Internet environment constitute the law that is agreed by most countries, communities and communication objects over the network. The administrative and technical system of the Internet Is a system of precision, control and control and is controlled by a group of States represented by administrative and technical bodies. It also proved that the Internet environment is still unsafe, and allows the possibility of overtaking individual privacy, and spread the crimes of theft and fraud, and most of the communicative objects do not disclose their true identity, and the Internet environment is characterized as a communication environment rather than an information environment, and most of its communication activity Entertainment function on other communication functions.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  139
آراء ابن ادريس اللغوية في شرحه للصحيفة السجّادية
Opinions Son Idriss Language To Explain Al-sahifa Al-Sajjadiyya     الناشرون : قاسم رحيم حسن kasem Rahim Hassan     المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 267-290    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : m.qassim@uobabylon.edu.iq
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : اللغة,الصحيفة السجادية,الدعاء,الامام السجاد(ع)   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : The language, Alsahifat Alsajaadiatu, Pray, Al imam Alsajjad (peace be upon him)
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Research Abstract The research highlights the efforts of Ibn Idris linguistic ornaments in his entourage to the newspaper and the carpet Ibn Idriss method in the position of his views on the language of the newspaper, the symbol of his views in the letter (Q), and the transfer from the book of the Sahih al-Jawhari letter (r). Ibn Idris put his brief comment, which he called "Ibn Idris s footnote on the daily newspaper," which is one of the most valuable footnotes in which he rejected the opinions of some of the Arab scholars who preceded him. His effort has appeared in a variety of meanings and connotations.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  123
وقوع الجملة فاعلا بين الإثبات والنقض
?Does the sentence function as a subject     الناشرون : صباح عطيوي عبود الزبيديّ Sabah Atiwi Aboud Al – Zubaidi ,غانم هاني كزار الناصريّ Ghanem Hani Kizar Al – Nazari     المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 249-266    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : asmh8234567@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الفاعل، الجملة ، المعنى، الصناعة النحوية   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : subject, sentence, meaning, grammar
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Abstract In the name of Allah the most Merciful most Gracious Research Summary: Oh Allah, we praise you very much, prayers and peace upon Abu Qasim Muhammad, the messenger of the worlds, the preacher and warner of people, and on his household whose Allah have gone abomination away from them and purified them. The subject of this research is (whether the sentence is a subject). It was common among the ancient and modern Arab scholars that the sentence can be a subject for the verb that precedes it, and this is attributed it to the Kufi school. As for the Basri school, the sentence cannot be a subject. However, those who transferred it from the ancients were not certain in the attributing this view to the Kufis. Then, scholars said elsewhere that they go to what the Basris go to, and the research proved that the Kufis go to what the Basris go, except for Al-Fara a ( died in 207 H.) in a saying of his. The research has concluded that the sentence cannot be subject regardless of the opinion of the two groups (Kufis and Basris) and this has been evidenced considerably according to grammar and meaning.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  162
سياسة روسيا الخارجية تجاه الدول الاوربية ( 1855- 1871)
Russia s Foreign Policy towards European Countries (1855-1871)     الناشرون : حيدر صبري شاكر الخيقاني Haidar Sabri Shaker Al - Khaiqani,علاء محمد جهاد الخفاجي Alaa Mohammed Jihad Al - Khafaji     المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 223-248    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : alaa moammed263@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : ويلوسكي ، كاميلو دي كافور، حرب القرم ، سيباستيبول، ، معاهدة فرانكفورت، غاشتاين،معركة سيدان، غاريبالدي   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Waleweski, Camillo De Cavour , Crimean War, Sebastopol, Treaty of Frankfort , Gastein , Battle of Sedan, Garibaldi
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Abstract This research examines Russia s foreign policy toward European countries during the period between 1855-1871. The first chapter dealt with the nature of the foreign policy pursued by Russia in order to reach a settlement to stop the Crimean war in which Britain, France and Piedmont joined the Ottoman Empire against Russia. The second chapter dealt with Russia s position on Piedmont s policy of unity (1867-1861). The third chapter deals with Russia s policy towards the Polish uprising (1863-1865). The fourth chapter explains Russia s policy toward the efforts of Russia to achieve German unity (1866-1871).

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  140
أثر استراتيجية الانشطة المتدرجة في تحصيل طالبات الصف الثاني المتوسط في مادة الجغرافية
Effect Of The Strategy Of Gradient Activities In The Scores Of Female Students Of 2nd Intermediate Grade In Geography Material     الناشرون : جنان مرزة حمزة Jinan M. Hamza ,سعد عبد الرزاق محسن Saad A. Mohsen ,زهراء ابراهيم حميد الجبوري Zahraa I. Hameed Aljoboory      المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 193-222    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : zahriprahm@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : استراتيجية ، الانشطة المتدرجة ، الصف الثاني متوسط في مادة الجغرافية   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Strategy, Gradient activities, second intermediate grade students of geography material
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Research abstract This research aims to identify the impact of the strategy of gradual activitiesIn the achievement of second-grade students in geography, To investigate the research objective, the researcher formulated the following zero hypothesis: There is no difference with statistical significanceAt the level of significance (0.05)Between the average achievement of students in the experimental group Who study the Arab world geography Using a gradual activity strategy And the average score of students of the control group Who study the Arab world geography in the usual way. The researcher chose a trial design with partial control Of the control and experimental groups With a post-test, She chose randomly Marrowj school for girls In the center of Babil province Affiliated to the General Directorate of the Education of Babylon, In the same manner, Division (e)had been selected, To represent the experimental group which has (33) students, and the division (b) To represent the control group which has (31) students Which studied the geography of the Arab world The researcher conducted an equivalence between the students of the two groups of the research in the following variables: the age of the students calculated by the months, Parents education achievement and IQ test. a-The researcher identified the study material to be studied during the trial period And formulated behavioral goals amounted to (110) Behavioral goals And after presenting them to a group of arbitrators In the teaching methods of social, psychological and geographical sciences that been Modified The researcher prepared educational plans Of the subjects and geographical topics have been modifiedDuring the duration of the experiment The researcher taught the two research groups. b-During the duration of the experiment that lasted a full semester and after the end of the experiment. c-The researcher applied the achievement test and the measure of direction on the two groups of research. The researcher used The following statistical means (T.test for two independent samples and (k2) and code (20) Pearson correlation coefficient and coefficient of difficulty Equivalent Discriminatory power and equivalent the Effectiveness of alternatives And Spearman Brown equation. By the result the researcher achieved, she reached several conclusions: 1.The strategy has helped to generate new ideas and meanings for students through their ability to analyze, interpret and criticize and rely on themselves in the research and investigateof facts and information. 2.The use of the strategy contributes to the process of teaching geography in a sequential, interdependent and integrated manner.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  120
اثر استراتيجية المساجلة الحلقية في تحصيل مادة الجغرافية واستبقائها لدى طالبات الصف الاول المتوسط
Effect Of The Strategy Of Circular Scoring In The Collection and Retention Of Geography In The First Grade Students     الناشرون : محمد كاظم منتوب Mohamed Kazem Mintoub,عباس عبيد حمادي Abbas Obaid Hammadi,أوهام غالب حمزة الجبوري Awam Ghaleb Hamza Al - Jubouri      المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 167-192    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : Ahmad 902@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : أثر , استراتيجية , المساجلة الحلقية ,التحصيل , الاستبقاء   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Effect, strategy, circular scoring , collection, retention
391
Abstract In order to verify the validity of the hypotheses, the researcher chose the experimental design (partial adjustment). The researcher chose Ksadia (middle school for girls) in the district of Mahaweel (D) in a random way to represent the experimental group (35) students, and the division (e) to represent the control group (35) students, the researcher was statistically rewarded Between the two groups in the following variables :( The Danels IQ test, the time-scale calculated in months, the grades of geography for the first semester of the academic year (2016-2017), the parental achievement of the parents, as well as the adjustment of other variables for the safety of the research. Teaching for the first intermediate grade for the year (2016-2017), the researcher formulated (120) Behavioral Objective In addition, the teaching plans of both the experimental and control groups were prepared and presented to a group of experts and specialists. As for the research tool, the researcher prepared a collection test in the subjects studied by the researcher herself, consisting of (50) thematic test paragraphs of the type (multiple choice), the experiment was applied in the second semester of the academic year (2016-2017) The experiment began on Wednesday (15/2/2017) and ended on Monday (14/5/2017), The researcher used the following statistical methods: the independent testing of two independent samples, the Kai square (Ka 2) and Pearson correlation coefficient, the coefficient of difficulty coefficient, the coefficient of discrimination, the equation of the effectiveness of the wrong alternatives. After analyzing the results statistically, the results showed that the students of the experimental group, The students of the control group who studied the same article in the traditional way. In the light of the current research results, the researcher reached a set of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  135
التنظيم القانوني لمحكمة قضاء الموظفين
Legal Organization of the Staff Court     الناشرون : أحمد حمزة ناصرAhmed Hamza Nasser     المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 151-166    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : ahmed84@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الرقابة، القضائية، محكمة، موظفين، حقوق، قضاء   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Censorship, Judicial, Court, Civil Servants, Judiciary
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Abstract That the existence of judicial control over the legitimacy of the conduct of management towards employees is an important guarantee of the rights and freedoms of employees, because of the adoption of the legitimacy of the rule of law and justice. Since its inception, the administrative judiciary has borne the burden of achieving a balance between the requirements of the public interest that the administration seeks to achieve and the protection of the rights and freedoms of employees from the arbitrariness of the administration if they are used to these rights. The Staff Court is one of the important legal institutions that plays an effective role in protecting the rights of employees arising from the application of the amended Civil Service Law No. 24 of 1960 and is also a competent authority to challenge the decisions imposing a penalty on the employee. The Court of Administrative Jurisdiction is one of the administrative courts in Iraq, which deals with the dispute between the employee and the administration, which is one of the bodies of the Judicial Council of the State and represents the Administrative Court in Iraq, which exercises its role in supervising the work of the administration, The Staff Court is a refuge for the employee if he believes that the decision of the administration to impose a disciplinary sanction against him or to challenge the decisions arising from the application of the Civil Service Law is illegal. It must be said that there are administrative procedures to be followed when challenged. Disciplinary sanctions or appeals arising from the civil service rights.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  125
ضياع الهوية بين الاغتراب والغرائبية- قراءة تأويلية في رواية الغرف الاخرى لجبرا ابراهيم جبرا
Loss Of Identity Between Alienation And Exotic: An Interpretive Reading The Novel Of The Other Rooms Of Jabra Ibrahim Jabra     الناشرون : إيمان عبد دخيل عيسى Eman Abdu-Dakeel Esae ,جولان حسين جودي Julan Hussian Judy     المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 129-150    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : jolan.judi@uokufa.edu.iq
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الغرائبية ، الاغتراب ، الهوية ، الكابوسية ، المتاهة   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Exoticism, alienation, identity, nightmare, maze
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Abstract Other rooms A novel by the writer Jabra Ibrahim Jabra, Woven from the threads of alienation and alienation, A special fabric, in which the main character appeared to be absent: shape, name, and memory in which the other has increased the scope of the distortion of identity and undermine it, hoping to achieve the state of alienation, especially as the narrative place was a maze into which lost, and out of it an end, that the character always seeking to achieve it. This intriguing narrative plot opens up prospects for reading this text, an interpretive reading that gives the recipient a space to understand and reproduce critically.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  112
الأثر البلاغي للحذف في نماذج من سورة الزمر
The Rhetorical Effect Of Deletion In The Models Of Surat Al - Zumor     الناشرون : خولة صالح صيهود Khawla Saleh Chihud     المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 115-128    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : khawla.saihood@qu.edu.iq
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الأثر البلاغي ، التخصيص في الكلام ، إثبات المعنى في نفسه ، الاتساع ، التفخيم والإعظام ، التخفيف ، وضوح المعنى    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Rhetorical effect, personalization in speech, proof of meaning in oneself, amplitude, amplification and bones, dilution, clarity of meaning
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Abstract Rhetorical effect for deletion in the models of Al al CONCLUSION: Arabic language and the language of brevity and means of brevity deletion that leads to the attainment of meanings that do not play too wordy and prolongation. The Lord deletion in the Koran methods of multiple images, such as deleting the name and the verb and crafts and wholesale, etc., is not limited to the achievement of virtual beauty of the text, but to achieve many goals of the multiple possibilities and can accommodate where meanings. This study is trying to stand on rhetorical effect for deletion in the models of Al al Including with the help came in the books of interpretation, rhetoric and previous studies that dealt with deletions in the Koran.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  139
إشكالية تركيب الأشكال في المنحوتات الخزفية المعاصرة
The Problem Of The Formation Of Shapes In Contemporary Ceramic Sculptures     الناشرون : عماد حمود تويج Imad Hammoud Tuwaij ,صبا قيس الياسري Saba Qais al-Yasiri      المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 79-114    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : imad.abdulhussein@uokufa.edu.iq ,saba.abdulhussein@uokufa.edu.iq
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : التركيب, المنحوتات,الخزف, اشكالية   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Composition, Sculptures, Porcelain Problematic
387
Research Summary The art of ceramics, like the rest of the arts, is influenced by multiple levels in terms of its aesthetic appearance or its construction based on internal and external data that determine its appearance and establish a methodology or mechanism to show its structural structure. So the researchers sought in the first chapter to identify the problem of research and then determine the importance and then read the goals that were identified from the problem that the researchers seek to solve is the identification and disclosure of the problematic structure in the forms of ceramic sculptures in Iraq. Then search limits. The second chapter includes the theoretical framework, which is divided into two sections, the first concerned with the phenomenon of reference structure in the plastic art and the second provides the installation in ceramic sculptures. The two researchers arrive at the most important result of the theoretical framework as indicators that represent the foundations on which the researchers are based in finding the analysis and its results. The third chapter is devoted to research procedures. The fourth chapter included the results according to the results of the theoretical framework of the indicators and procedures of research to make recommendations and the end of the research by mentioning the list of sources approved, and the most important results: 1. The complex elements of contemporary Iraqi ceramic sculptures vary between what is associated with the necessities of perceived structural organization and what is enhanced as cognitive influences. 2. The structure is a transitional state in which the potter moves from one idea to another and from one method to another. 3 - The hardness of the material as well as the diversity of technology used in the construction process eventually lead to the crystallization of structures through soft texture or coarse.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  139
الجرائم الماسة بالحرية الشخصية إثناء التحقيق الابتدائي
Crimes against personal liberty During the initial investigation     الناشرون : حسون عبيد هجيج Hasson Obaid Hajaij,عايد غازي جبر Ayed Gazi Jabber      المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 47-78    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : Ayedgazi@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : سلطة التحقيق, الحريات العامة. حقوق المتهم, قاضي التحقيق, حرمة الحياة الخاصة   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Authority of investigation, public freedoms. The rights of the accused, the investigating judge, the inviolability of private life
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Abstract The preliminary investigation procedures conducted by the examining magistrate or the interrogators under a multiple and varied inheritance are often subjected to the freedom of the accused, which restricts or impairs the right of the accused to the integrity of his body and since the accused is innocent until proven guilty by a court order. Since freedom is the most important area of the relationship between the State as an authority and the individual as a human being, all humanitarian organizations supporting human rights and constitutions in democratic countries have sought to protect this freedom and these rights to prevent infringements and to criminalize any act against them, especially by investigators during the investigative phase With defendants. In this paper, we dealt with the crimes of personal liberty, as stated in the Iraqi Penal Code in accordance with Articles 322, 324, 326 and 328, which are the crimes of unlawful arrest, the assault on the inviolability of homes, and the assault on the inviolability of private life. Where dealt with the pillars of those crimes as stated in the law and cannot be considered as crimes in the event of the failure of any corner of these acts.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  132
أثر استراتيجية الكلمة اللاقطة في تحصيل مادة التاريخ الأوربي الحديث لدى طالبات الصف الخامس الأدبي
The impact of the satellite worf strategy in the collection of history Europe for female students in the fifth grade literary     الناشرون : مهدي جادر حبيب آل ناجي Mahdi Jader habib Al- Naji,محمد رسن دمان السلطاني Mohammed Rassin Daman AL-Saltani ,هبة عباس علي Heba Abbas Ali AL-Shok      المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 21-46    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : mohammed8439@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : أثر, استراتيجية , الكلمة اللاقطة , التحصيل    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Impact, strategy, satellite worf , collection
385
Abstract This study is intended to discover the effect of the strategy of the satellite word in the collection of the modern European history for the fifth preparatory student. To reach this point the researcher hypothesized that: 1-There were no statistically significant differences between the scores of the experimental group who study the modern and contemporary history of "European and American" on the basis of the satellite word and the scores of the control group who study the same material in the traditional way in the eligibility test. The researcher adopted an experimental design and final test for both the experimental group and control group, The researcher choose deliberately "Al-Rabiye preparatory" where located in aby gharaq in Babylon city, she selected randomly (B class) to stand for experimental group which is consists from (35) female students and "A class" to stand for the control group which form from (35) also, The researcher conduct a parity between the students of the two groups in the following variables (the age, educational attainment of parents, the scores of modern and contemporary history of European and American material in the first semester in 2016-2017. The researcher tackles a behavioral good for subject wich are taught during the duration of the experiment, as well as daily plans are prepared to teach the two research groups also she presents two of them to a selection of specialists in order to determine the validity and suitability of the students of fifth literary, The researcher makes a test consists of (50) items when (40) items are objective and (10) items are article, the test was presented to a group of experts in the field of teaching methods and measurement. Statistical means are used by the researcher for example: t.test for two independent sample and a kai box, Pearson correlation coefficient, and spearman coefficient. Equation of difficulty and discrimination coefficient, equation of the effectiveness of wrong alternatives, After the statistical analysis of the data, the study has come up with these conclusions( There is a statistical difference on the level of (0.05) between the scores of experimental group of female students and those of control group in the post, achievement test for the experimental group).

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  115
نظرة تاريخية إلى موقف البصريين من وقعة الجمل
Historical Approach to the Position of the People of Basra in the Jamal war     الناشرون : عبدالله متولي Abdolah Motevali,محمد حسن بيگي Mohammad Hassan beigi     المجلد: 9 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 1-20    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : a.motevaly@gmail.com,mohaamad.beigi@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : وقعة الجمل، البصرة، علي، عائشة   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Jamal, Basra, Ali, Ayesha
384
Abstract Jamal War is one of the most important events of the first century AH. The battle took place in Basra in the year 36 (Hejri Ghamari). The position of the people of Basra in this war is contemplative. They were uneasy and skeptical in supporting or opposing the war. One side ,Aisha[the widow of the Prophet (pbuh)] and Talha and Zubair were two of the great companions of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), and on the other hand, Imam Ali (as), the caliph of Muslims, the groom of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his cousin, along with a large number Of the great companions of the Prophet (pbuh). This situation has left people in doubt in defending the parties or stepping down. The study of the position of the people of Basra in this war is the main issue of the present study, which has tried in a descriptive analytical way, while presenting a brief account of the battle of Jamal, to answer the question of what was the position and queuing of the people of Basra in the battle of the Qamal. What caused people to be divided into different categories? In response, it should be said that the findings of the research indicate that the people of Basra were divided into three main groups in the battle of Jamal: they rose to a large extent in support of Aisha, Talha and Zubair; the middle section of the Qa ud and the withdrawal took a small part to support From Imam Ali (AS), and it seems that the main reason for doubts has been in the position of the parties involved in the battle.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  241
فئات المجتمع الشامي
Categories of society Shami     الناشرون : فراس سليم حياويFiras Salim Hayawi ,ميثاق عبيس حسين Mathaq Obyss Hussein      المجلد: 9 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 129-162    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : ferars_net67@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : دراسات انسانية , تاريخ , دمشق , مجتمع , شام   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Human Studies, History, Damascus, Society, Cham
383
Praise be to Allah who created man, and made him the best types of creation in the universes, and prayers and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him and His Family) who gave the mosques of the word, and resurrected to beautify the virtues of ethics and divinity. After the research discusses the groups of Damascus society in the fifth and sixth centuries AH, as the city of Damascus, the rule of governance, Guy, the Levant and the axis of trade exchanges and therefore we find in the city communities and not a single community each of its customs and traditions, and all of this we tried to find categories of this community, National or religious, the research was based on other research on a variety of sources and references, the information of which has not been provided

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  318
القوافل بين امل الوصول وخوف اللصوص
Caravans Between hope of reaching and fear of thieves     الناشرون : عامر عجاج حميد Amer Ajaj Hamid     المجلد: 9 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 359-384    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : amer_1900@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : قوافل، الابل، قطع الطريق، قطاع الطرق   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : caravans, camels, roadblocks
382
The humanitarian activities continued to perpetuate life in its various aspects, but some of the axioms of the events prevented the researchers from finding details in order to believe in their own faculties and to delve into the obvious rather than dealing with activities with a violent or violent dimension. We can develop caravans and build them within this framework is a continuous effectiveness and entering into the details can not be useful. However, most of these events need to be explored as part of the cultural history of the nations. The environment of the desert and its transportation requirements are different from other snowy and cold environments, for example. Each environment has its own cultural, linguistic and practical framework. Human activities in the region, a practice rooted in the foot of the emergence of the human communities themselves and the practice of the activity of life and economic in particular and find its depth in the Arabic language and cultural output, such as hair and criticism, which borrowed many words caravans and balloons, not to mention other areas of life.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  280
المستشارون صفاتهم- واجباتهم- حقوقهم واثر الشورى على الدولة في عهد الإمام علي(عليه السلام) لمالك الأشتر (رضي الله عنه)
Counselors, their qualities- their duties, their rights, and the impact of shura on the state; in the era of Imam Ali / To Malik Al-Ashtar     الناشرون : حيدر عامر السلطاني Haider Amir Al-Sultani     المجلد: 9 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 321-358    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : opfd.soom@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : المستشارون- الشورى- عهد الامام (ع) لواليه على اليمن مالك الاشتر- صفات المستشارين- واجبات المستشارين- حقوق المستشارين- اثر الشورى على الدولة   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Counselors - Shura - the covenant of Imam (p) to his governor on Yemen / Malik Al-Ashtar - the qualities of Counselors - the duties of Counselors - the rights of Counselors - the impact of the Shura on the state
381
Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (p) In the period of his succession worked to lay the foundations for a number of matters that concern the affairs of the State and the way of management, and aspects that the Imam (p) was interested in is the management of the state and the evaluation of his governors work and his state is the subject of advice and selection of advisers. Consultation is a positive aspect of the general public and of those responsible for the affairs of the state in particular, which are legitimate. Their importance is to manage dangerous matters in the life of the people, such as fatwas, the judge of people, the management of society, and so forth. The covenant of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (p) to his governor on Yemen Malik Al-Ashtar consider, a constitution that must be applied to anyone who claims Islam but is also a rule of law for non-Muslims, because it contains the provisions of the laws and legislation, political, economic, social and others, Imam Ali (p ) mentioned the relationship of the ruler to the governed, their duties and their rights. The Covenant also contained a great wealth, which is rich in terms, terminology, laws and Sharia provisions, which in turn would lead to a just state and political and social stability, Among the things included in the covenant of Imam Ali (p) The subject of consultation and consolers, has been addressed to the Covenant implicitly or directly, and that said ( p): (And do not interfere in your advice stingy person modify your credit for your poverty, and not coward person that, weak you for things, not keen to decorate the evil with you arrogance, stinginess and cowardice instincts and various instincts combined by mistrust of God)).From this we selected the title of our research, which is tagged: ((Counselors their features and duties and their impact on the state in era the Imam Ali (p) to Malik Al-Ashtar)). The research was based on an introduction, three topics, a conclusion, and a list of sources and references. The first topic included the meaning of the counselor and the consultation in the language, the terminology and the advantages to be available in the counselor in the Islamic state as stated in the covenant. The second topic included: the duties performed by the counselor and his role in the Islamic State through the Covenant, regarding the third topic: we dealt with the impact of counselors on the Arab Islamic state, and then the conclusion of the research, which included the most important results, followed by a list of sources and references. We hope that, we have succeeded in providing an important aspect of evaluating the state and pushing it towards honesty, represented by the advice that came in the era of Imam Ali (p) to his Governor of Yemen Malik Al-Ashtar. At the end Praise is to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon our master and our companions the Prophet Muhammad.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  347
قراءة الكتب الأجنبية لدى طلبة الدراسات العليا ( دراسة ميدانية - جامعة بابل و جامعة الكوفة أنموذجاً )
Reading foreign books for graduate students (Field study - University of Babylon and the University of Kufa model)     الناشرون : مازن محمد حسينMazen Mohammed Hussein ,علاء عبد الدائم زوبع Alaa Abd Aldaeim Zobaa, اياد محمد حسين Iyad Mohammed Hussein ,علي عبد الحمزة لازم Ali Abd Al-Hamza is Lazem      المجلد: 9 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 299-320    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : maabmh@yahoo.com,Ayadhussain69@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : دور الترجمة ، نظريات الترجمة ، مميزات المترجم ، أهمية الترجمة    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : The role of translation, theories of translation, the characteristics of the translator, the importance of translation
380
Translation has been one of the most important means of communication between people and nations and has played an important role in the transmission of different cultures. Therefore, the translation and the translator can not be dispensed with despite the scientific development and the availability of electronic translation is widespread and easy; it does not give full perception of the original text, especially in literary texts. Therefore, the students of humanities experience great problems in the process of translating texts and literary books in foreign sources during the process of research and writing, causing waste of money and time, and sometimes the researcher may not reach his research aims despite this effort. Our research focuses on studying the causes and obstacles facing postgraduate students in the field of translation. It is one of the applied studies that relied on samples of students to identify the problems they face in the research process, with recommendations and solutions to be addressed.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  305
العلمانية بين إشكالية المصطلح وخطورة المضمون
Secularism between the problematic of the term and the seriousness of the content     الناشرون : يونس عباس نعمة Younis Abbas Nima     المجلد: 9 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2019 , الصفحات داخل العدد 247-298    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : dr.younisabbas250@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : العلمانية, الكنيسة, الدولة , دستور, دين   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Secularism, church, state, constitution, religion
379
The term secularism is one of the most common and controversial terms to the day and the most obscure. The origin of the term was Western and back to the Middle Ages where the dispute over the nominal authority in the administration of religious and secular matters between the state and the church for several century, with the time , all the institutions of the governments were known as secular thought and direction from the state administration in political matters to all government institutions, and many countries of the world have introduced the term secularism in their constitutions. Secularism was rooted in the views of the most important European thinkers from the seventeenth century onward who sought in every way the dimensions of the ecclesiastical institution of the various aspects of life, The term secularism was officially established in 1851 by the politician, thinker and journalist George Holyoke, who presented his ideas through the press and various books, the most important of which was the book of the principles of secularism. It seems that his books were not translated into Arabic . The Church divided the Christian community into two sections. The first was the Department of Church Affairs, which included clergymen who represented the religious corps or the so-called clerical or clerical corps, and the church was called the public, which worked outside the church as secular and secular people, whatever their qualities, status and works. One of the foundations upon which secularism was based was the idea of religious tolerance, which was the result of the reaction to the blind religious fanaticism among the various sects and religious sects based on weak foundations that greatly damaged the religious establishment until the concept of tolerance came out of its proper framework and came out of the control of the Christian religious. The most important foundations of secularism have been discussed and are still the subject of separation of religion from politics or the separation of religion from state, which must be read in terms of difference, competition, conflict and centuries-old conflict between the Church and the civil and secular institutions in Europe

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